Titanium Dioxide

This book describes the role of titanium dioxide nanotubes conjugated with quercetin in skin cancer and inflammation. TNT-Quercetin are human safe, cost effective and stable chemical with numerous biomedical applications. The authors of this book developed a novel drug combinational molecule by conjugating TNT with quercetin. The authors found the enhanced anti-cancer activity of TNT-Qu by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase in B16F10 cells. Furthermore, TNT-Qu treatment up-regulated cleaved caspase-3 expression in B16F10 cells. More importantly, the in-vivo data demonstrated that TNT-Qu treatment inhibited the growth and metastasis of skin tumors significantly by down-regulating the pSTAT3 expression and restoring Gammad T cell population when compared to TNT or quercetin alone treatment. Taken together, the in-vitro and in-vivo data strongly suggest that TNT-Qu could be a novel combinational therapeutic agent for the treatment of skin cancer.