Synopsis of Artificial Intelligence's History

The goal of artificial intelligence, a field that has only been around for 60 years, is to mimic human cognitive capacities through various sciences, theories, and techniques (such as computer science, statistical analysis, probability, mathematical logic, and computational neurobiology). Started during the Second World War, its advancements are closely related to computing and have allowed computers to accomplish many intricate jobs previously limited to human performance.
Nonetheless, this automation is still very different from human intelligence in the strict sense, which is why some academics disagree with the term. The current state of achievement ("weak" or "moderate" AIs, incredibly efficient in their training field) is not comparable to the final level of their study (a "strong" AI, i.e. the ability to contextualize quite varied specialized issues in a wholly autonomous fashion). For the "strong" AI that has only yet been seen in science fiction to be able to model the entire world, basic research advancements rather than only performance gains would be necessary.