Constitutional Failure

Constitutional Failure is a major contribution to studies of the German political philosopher Carl Schmitt (1888-1985), the Weimar Republic, and the relationship of constitutionalism, political economy, and democracy. An internationally renowned scholar of Weimar legal theory, Ellen Kennedy brought Schmitt's neglected work to the attention of English-speaking readers with her highly regarded translations of his work and studies of its place in twentieth-century political theory. In this eagerly awaited book, she tracks Schmitt's contribution to the canon of western political philosophy in its most difficult and dangerous moment - during the time of Weimar Germany and the Third Reich - and demonstrates the centrality of his thought to understandings of the modern constitutional state and its precarious economic and social foundations. Kennedy reveals how Schmitt's argument for a strong but neutral state supported the maximization of market freedom at the cost of the political constitution. She argues that the major fault lines of Weimar liberalism - emergency powers, the courts as "defender of the constitution," mass mobilization of anti-liberal politics, ethnic-identity politics, a culture of resentment and contested legitimacy - are not exceptions within the liberal-democratic orders of the west, but central to them. Contending that Schmitt's thought remains vital today because liberal norms are inadequate to the political challenges facing constitutional systems as diverse as those of eastern Europe and the United States, Kennedy develops a compelling, rigorous argument that unsettles many assumptions about liberalism, democracy, and dictatorship.